Lithium-ion batteries raise safety, environmental, and cost concerns, which mostly arise from their nonaqueous electrolytes. The use of aqueous alternatives is limited by their narrow electrochemical stability window (1.23 volts), which sets an intrinsic limit on the practical voltage and energy output. We report a highly concentrated aqueous electrolyte whose window was expanded to ~3.0 volts with the formation of an electrode-electrolyte interphase. A full lithium-ion battery of 2.3 volts using such an aqueous electrolyte was demonstrated to cycle up to 1000 times, with nearly 100% coulombic efficiency at both low (0.15 C) and high (4.5 C) discharge and charge rates.

Science 20 November 2015:

Vol. 350 no. 6263 pp. 938-943

DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1595

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/350/6263/938.abstract?sid=1ef5136c-db6c-4bc6-8833-c8d442891de9

中文报道链接：（水盐电池研究新突破：可带来更加绿色安全的电能存储）
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA4MDEwNjAyOQ==&mid=401154896&idx=4&sn=af9f34fc61e02149d24a7e023daaf10d&scene=0#wechat_redirect